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Biochemical Roles of Eukaryotic Cell Surface Macromolecules pp 1–13Cite as

Glycomics: An Overview of the Complex Glycocode

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((volume 749))

Abstract

Carbohydrates coat most cell types and are closely involved in various biological events. Their structures are complex to analyze owing to their branched nature, the diversity of secondary modifications of monomers, and their indirect relationship to the genome. Additionally, the range of cellular milieu in which glycan modifications are found is immense. Thus, despite genomics and proteomics being highly comprehensible and manageable to most scientists, technologies to assess glycan structures rapidly are still in their infancy. Recently, interest in profiling the glycome has increased due to the potential of glycans as disease markers. Incidentally, mass spectrometry is emerging as a powerful technique for profiling the glycome. This manuscript focuses on current progress in glycomics, including new mass spectrometry-based high-throughput techniques for glycan purification and annotation, the recent work on enhancing microarray methodologies to decipher the glycome, and the scope of glycans as disease markers.

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Abbreviations

MS:

Mass spectrometry

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

CE:

Capillary electrophoresis

LIF:

Laser-induced fluorescent detection

HPAEC:

High pH anion-exchange chromatography

CDG:

Congenital disorders of glycosylation

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Acknowledgements

G.G. thanks the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India for the award of Senior Research Fellowship. A.S. is a J.C. Bose fellow of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and thanks for the support of basic research by grants from Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and DST, Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India

    Garima Gupta & Avadhesha Surolia

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  1. Garima Gupta
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  2. Avadhesha Surolia
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Correspondence to Avadhesha Surolia .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Riverside Transit Campus, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod, 671328, Kerala, India

    Perumana R. Sudhakaran

  2. National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, Delhi, India

    Avadhesha Surolia

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Gupta, G., Surolia, A. (2012). Glycomics: An Overview of the Complex Glycocode. In: Sudhakaran, P., Surolia, A. (eds) Biochemical Roles of Eukaryotic Cell Surface Macromolecules. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 749. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3381-1_1

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