Thermal Wave Characterization of Coated Surfaces

Abstract

The experimental techniques and theory for utilizing the mirage effect, or optical probe beam detection, of thermal waves in opaque solids for determining their thermal diffusivities have been described in detail elsewhere. [1–4] An application to a coated nickel-based alloy has also been described elsewhere. [1] In previous papers [5,6] we presented a theoretical expression which describes the mirage effect signal in a three-layer medium (gas-coating-sample system), taking into consideration the effects of the sizes of the heating and probe beams. In this paper we extend the results of numerical calculations from that expression to the case of films which are thermally very thin (thicknesses of the order of 10^-3 thermal diffusion lengths). A model system of 100–500 nm thick Cu films on glass substrates was studied experimentally at thermal wave frequencies below 1kHz, and in this paper we compare the results of those measurements to the numerical calculations.