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DNA Base Damage Recognition and Processing

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Book cover Genome Integrity

Part of the book series: Genome Dynamics and Stability ((GENOME,volume 1))

Abstract

In living cells DNA base lesions are formed continuously as a consequence of normal metabolism and are also generated by a number of external factors. Simple base damages are repaired by base excision repair that is initiated by a damage specific DNA glycosylase, which removes the damaged base creating an abasic site (apurinic/apyrimidinic, AP site). AP endonuclease cleaves the phosphodiester bond 5′ to the AP site and then DNA polymerase β adds the first nucleotide to the 3′-end of the incised AP site and at the same time removes the 5′-sugar phosphate residue. DNA ligase completes the repair by sealing the DNA ends. These processes are directed and co-ordinated by multiple protein-protein interactions. This review focuses primarily on mammalian base excision repair, and in particular addresses the enzymology of the repair process and co-ordination of repair reactions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MRC Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Harwell, OX11 ORD, Oxfordshire, UK

    Grigory L. Dianov

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ, Lancaster, UK

    Sarah L. Allinson

Authors
  1. Grigory L. Dianov
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  2. Sarah L. Allinson
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Correspondence to Grigory L. Dianov .

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Dirk-Henner Lankenau

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© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Dianov, G.L., Allinson, S.L. (2005). DNA Base Damage Recognition and Processing. In: Lankenau, DH. (eds) Genome Integrity. Genome Dynamics and Stability, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/7050_007

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