Abstract
Due to limitations of conventional text-based closed captions, expressions of paralinguistic and emotive information contained in the dialogue of television and film content are often missing. We present a framework for enhancing captions that uses animation and a set of standard properties to express five basic emotions. Using an action research method, the framework was developed from a designer’s interpretation and rendering of animated text captions for two content examples.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Acton, G.S.: Basic Emotions (April 1998) (Retrieved February 25, 2005) from http://www.personalityresearch.org/basicemotions.html
Ekman, P. (ed.): Basic Emotions Ch. 3. John Wiley & Sons, Sussex (1999)
Fels, D.I., Lee, D.G., Branji, C., Hornburg, M.: Emotive captioning and access to television. In: The ACMIS 2005, Omaha (2005)
Field, G.: Implementing DTV Closed Captions and Video Description (2000) (Retrieved February 28, 2005) from http://ncam.wgbh.org/dtv/overview/nab2000paper.html
Forlizzi, J., Lee, J., Hudson, S.: The kinedit system: Affective messages using dynamis texts. Chi 2003: New Horizons 5(1), 377–384 (2003)
Jordan, A.B., Albright, A., Branner, A., Sullivan, J.: The state of closed captioning services in the United States.: National Captioning Institute Foundation (2003)
Juslin, P.N., Laukka, P.: Communication of emotions in vocal expression and music performance: Different channels, same code? Psychological Bulletin 129(5), 770–814 (2003)
Mehrabian, A.: Communication without words. Psychology Today 2(4), 53–56 (1968)
Plutchik, R.: Emotion, a psychoevolutionary synthesis. Harper & Row, New York (1980)
Plutchik, R., Kelleman, H.: The measurement of emotions. Academic Press, New York (1989)
Stone, B., Alenquer, D., Borisch, J.: Type, motion and emotion: A visual amplification of meaning. In: McDonagh, D., Hekkert, P., van Erp, J., Gyi, D. (eds.) Design and emotion the experience of everyday things, Taylor & Francis, New York (2004)
VITAC: History of DTV Captioning (April 2003) (Retrieved February 28, 2005) from http://www.vitac.com/technical/dtvhistory.htm
Wang, H., Prendinger, H., Igarashi, T.: Communicating emotions in online chat using physiological sensors and animated text. In: The 2004 conference on Human factors and computing systems Late breaking result papers, pp. 1171–1174 (2004) (Extended abstracts)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rashid, R., Aitken, J., Fels, D.I. (2006). Expressing Emotions Using Animated Text Captions. In: Miesenberger, K., Klaus, J., Zagler, W.L., Karshmer, A.I. (eds) Computers Helping People with Special Needs. ICCHP 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4061. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11788713_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11788713_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-36020-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36021-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)