Summary
Pharmaceutical scientists increasingly utilize transporters for drug delivery and targeting. The biological barriers to drug delivery can basically be divided into epithelial, endothelial, elimination, and target cell barriers. Membrane transporters play an important role in drug entrance and exit from the body. In addition, it is possible to utilize transporters for drug delivery, e.g., improving oral absorption via the peptide transporter. Identification, a better understanding of their transport characteristics, and the regulation of the membrane transporters will allow the de-velopment of better drug delivery strategies.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aidley, D. J., and Stanfield, P. R., 1996, Ion Channels: Molecules in Action, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Arndt-Jovin, D. J., Robert-Nicoud, M., Kaufman, S. J., and Jovin, T. M., 1985, Fluorescence digital imaging microscopy in cell biology, Science 230:247–256.
Biber, J., and Murer, 1991, Methodological guide for studying epithelial transport with isolated membrane vesicles, in: Cell Membrane Transport: Experimental Approaches and Methodologies (D. L. Yudilevich, R. Deves, S. Peran, and Z. I. Cabantchik, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 163–186.
Borchardt, R. T., Smith, P. L., and Wilson, G., 1996, Models for assessing drug absorption and metabolism, Plenum Press, New York.
Boyde, A., 1985, Stereoscopic images in confocal (tandem scanning) microscopy, Science 230:1270–1272.
Byrne, J. H., and Schultz, S. G., 1994, An Introduction to Membrane Transport and Bioelectricity, Raven Press, New York.
Caplan, M. J., 1997, Ion pumps in epithelial cells: Sorting, stabilization, and polarity, Am. J. Physiol. 272:G1304–G1313.
Covitz, K. M., Amidon, G. L., and Sadee, W., 1996, Human dipeptide transporter, hPEPT1, stably transfedted into Chinese hamster ovary cells, Pharmaceut. Res. 13:1631–1634.
Deves, R., 1991, Kinetics of transport: Characterizing the interaction of substrates and inhibitors with carrier systems, in: Cell Membrane Transport: Experimental Approaches and Methodologies (D. L. Yudilevich, R. Deves, S. Peran, and Z. I. Cabantchik, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 3–19.
Dissing, S., and Gasbjerg, P. K., 1994, Basic principles behind the application of fluorescent dyes: The study of cellular electrolyte concentrations, membrane potential and microenvironment, in: Methods in Membrane and Transporter Research (J. A. Schafer, G. Giebisch, P. Kristensen, and H. H. Ussing, eds.), Landes, Austin, Texas, pp. 143–176.
Dubinsky, W. P., and Otilia, M.-W., 1996, Methods of reconstitution of ion channels, in: Molecular Biology of Membrane Transport Disorders (S. G. Schultz, T. E. Andreoli, A. M. Brown, D. M. Fambrough, J. F. Hoffman, and M. J. Welsh, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 74–82.
Evans, W. H., and Graham, J. M., 1989, Membrane Structure and Function, IRL Press, Oxford.
Fang, X., Parkinson, F. E., Mowles, D. A., Young, J. D., and Cass, C. E., 1996, Functional characterization of a recombinant sodium-dependent nucleoside transporter with selectivity for pyrimidine nucleosides (cNT1rat) by transient expression in cultured mammalian cells, Biochem. J. 317:457–465.
Ganapathy, V., and Leibach, F. H., 1996, Peptide transporters, Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 5:395–400.
Ganapathy, V., Brandsch, M., and Leibach, F. H., 1994, Intestinal transport of amino acids and peptides, in: Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract (L. R. Johnson, ed.), Raven Press, New York, pp. 1773–1794.
Griffith, J., and Sansom, C., 1998, The Transporter Factsbook, Academic Press, San Diego, California.
Hamill, O. P., Marry, A., Neher, E., Sakmann, B., and Sigworth, F. J., 1981, Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches, Pflugers Arch. 391:85–100.
Hediger, M. A., Coady, M. J., Ikeda, T. S., and Wright, E. M., 1987, Expression cloning and cDNA sequencing of the Na+/glucose co-transporter, Nature 330:379–381.
Hidalgo, I. J., 1996, Cultured intestinal epithelial cell models, in: Models for Assessing Drug Absorption and Metabolism (R. T. Borchardt, P. L. Smith, and G. Wilson, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 35–50.
Jilling, T., and Kirk, K. L., 1994, Fluorescence digital imaging microscopy in epithelial biology, in: Methods in Membrane and Transporter Research (J. A. Schafer, G. Giebisch, P. Kristensen, and H. H. Ussing, eds.), Landes, Austin, Texas, pp. 177–214.
Kanai, N., Lu, R., Bao, Y., Wolkoff, A. W., and Schuster, V. L., 1996, Transient expression of oatp organic anion transporter in mammalian cells: Identification of candidate substrates, Am. J. Physiol. 270:F319–325.
Kaplan, R. S., 1996, Mitochondrial transport processes, in: Molecular Biology of Membrane Transport Disorders (S. G. Schultz, T. E. Andreoli, A. M. Brown, D. M. Fambrough, J. F. Hoffman, and M. J. Welsh, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 277–302.
King, R. B., 1996, Modeling membrane transport, Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 40:243–262.
Lehninger, A. L., 1993, Principles of Biochemistry, Worth, New York.
Lodish, H., Baltimore, D., Berk, A., Zipursky, S. L., Matsudaira, P., and Darnell, J., 1995, Molecular Cell Biology, Scientific American Books, New York.
Malandro, M. S., and Kilberg, M. S., 1996, Molecular biology of mammalian amino acid transporters, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 65:305–336.
Minta, A., and Tsien, R. Y., 1989, Fluorescent indicators for cytosolic sodium, J. Biol. Chem. 264:19449–19457.
Minta, A., Kao, J. P., and Tsien, R. Y., 1989, Fluorescent indicators for cytosolic calcium based on rhodamine and flourescein chromophores, J. Biol. Chem. 264:8171–8178.
Muth, T. R., Dunbar, L. A., Cortois-Coutry, N., Roush, D. L., and Caplan, M. J., 1997, Sorting and trafficking of ion transport proteins in polarized epithelial cells, Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 6:455–459.
Paddock, S. W., 1991, The laser-scanning confocal microscope in biomedical research, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 198:772–780.
Paddock, S. W., 1996, Further developments of the laser scanning confocal microscope in biomedical research, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 213:24–31.
Petty, H. R., 1993, Molecular Biology of Membranes: Structure and Fuction, Plenum Press, New York.
Racker, E., 1985, Reconstitutions of Transporters, Receptors, and Pathological states, Academic Press, Orlando, Florida.
Rink, T. J., Tsien, R. Y., and Pozzan, T., 1982, Cytoplasmic pH and free Mg2+ in lymphocytes, J. Cell Biol. 95:189–196.
Sakmann, B., and Neher, E., 1984, Patch clamp techniques for studying ionic channels in excitable membranes, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 46:455–472.
Sakmann, B., and Neher, E., 1995, Single-Channel Recording, Plenum Press, New York.
Schafer, J. A., Giebisch, G., Kristensen, P., and Ussing, H. H., 1994, Methods in Membrane and Transporter Research, Landes, Austin, Texas.
Schultz, S. G., Andreoli, T. E., Brown, A. M., Fambrough, D. M., Hoffman J. F., and Welsh, M. J., 1996, Molecular Biology of Membrane Transport Disorders, Plenum Press, New York.
Shi, X., Bai, S., Ford, A. C., Burk, R. D., Jacquemin, E., Hagenbuch, B., Meier, P. J., and Wolkoff, A. W., 1995, Stable inducible expression of a functional rat liver organic anion transport protein in HeLa cells, J. Biol. Chem. 270:25591–25595.
Stein, W. D., 1986, Transport and Diffusion across Cell Membranes, Academic Press, Orlando, Florida.
Stein, W. D., 1990, Channels, Carriers, and Pumps: An Introduction to Membrane Transport, Academic Press, San Diego, California.
Stein, W. D., 1997, Kinetics of the multidrug transporter (P-glycoprotein) and its reversal, Physiol. Rev. 77:545–590.
Tsien, R. Y., 1989, Fluorescence ratio imaging of dynamic intracellular signals, Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl. 582:6.
West, I. C., 1983, The Biochemistry of Membrane Transporter, Chapman and Hall, London.
Wheeler, T. J., and Whelan, J. D., 1988, Infinite-cis kinetics support the carrier model for erythrocyte glucose transport, Biochemistry 27:1441–1450.
Williams, D. A., 1990, Quantitative intracellular calcium imaging with laser-scanning confocal microscopy, Cell Calcium 11:589–597.
Wills, N. K., Reuss, L., and Lewis, S. A., 1996, Epithelial Transport: A Guide to Methods and Experimental Analysis, Chapman and Hall, London.
Yamamoto, T., Davis, C. G., Brown, M. S., Schneider, W. J., Casey, M. L., Goldstein, J. L., and Russell, D. W., 1984, The human LDL receptor: A cysteine-rich protein with multiple Alu sequences in its mRNA, Cell 39:27–38.
Yu, L. X., Lipka, E., Crison, J. R., and Amidon, G. L., 1996, Transport approaches to the biopharmaceutical design of oral drug delivery systems: Prediction of intestinal absorption, Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 19:359–376.
Yudilevich, D. L., Deves, R., Peran, S., and Cabantchik, Z. I., 1991, Cell Membrane Transport: Experimental Approaches and Methodologies, Plenum Press, New York.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Oh, DM., Amidon, G.L. (2002). Overview of Membrane Transport. In: Amidon, G.L., Sadée, W. (eds) Membrane Transporters as Drug Targets. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46094-4
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-46812-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive