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Tear fluid levels of MMP-8 are elevated in ocular rosacea—treatment effect of oral doxycycline

  • Clinical Investigation
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Abstract

Background

Ocular rosacea (OcR) is a chronic inflammatory disease especially affecting lid margins. Previous studies have shown that it is accompanied by increased levels and activation of tear fluid gelatinases. Matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8; collagenase 2) levels and activation are commonly elevated in many inflammatory conditions. Therefore we studied here whether MMP-8 concentration and activation in tear fluid are increased also in OcR, and if an oral doxycycline regimen could rectify the situation.

Methods

Tear fluid samples were collected from 22 OcR patients and 22 healthy controls. The OcR patients were then treated with an oral doxycycline regimen for 8 weeks and tear fluid samples collected again after 4 and 8 weeks. Conjunctival brush cytology and patients’ subjective symptoms were scored. MMP-8 concentrations in the tear fluid were assessed by immunofluorometric assay and the molecular forms and isoenzyme expression of MMP-8 were studied by Western immunoblotting.

Results

The mean MMP-8 concentration was statistically significantly higher in OcR (156.8±207.4 μg/ml) than in the normal subjects (53.5±66.7 μg/ml) (P=0.036), but decreased to 79.2±141.6 μg/l and 53.6±75.2 μg/l after 4 and 8 weeks doxycycline treatment, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the untreated OcR and the MMP-8 results after 4 or 8 weeks of oral doxycycline (P=0.041 and 0.069, respectively) and the OcR patients experienced statistically significant relief of their subjective symptoms (P=0.0001) after the doxycycline regimen. Both the normal and OcR tear fluid contained the larger, 60-80 kDa highly- glycosylated polymorphonuclear leukocyte-type MMP-8 isoform in Western immunoblotting, but not the 45–55 kDa less glycosylated mesenchymal-type isoform. MMP-8 activation was in practice present only in the OcR samples, and was inhibited by oral doxycycline.

Conclusions

MMP-8 concentration and activation degree in tear fluid are increased in OcR, probably reflecting increased inflammatory activity. Doxycycline effectively reduces these pathologically excessive levels and activation of MMP-8, and relieves patients’ subjective symptoms.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the HUCH-EVO (TYH 5306 and TI 020Y0002) and Academy of Finland.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00029, HUS, Finland

    Marko Määttä

  2. Skin and Allergy Hospital, Division of Allergology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

    Osmo Kari & Sirje Peltonen

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Orton Research Institute, Orthopedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland

    Taina Tervahartiala & Timo Sorsa

  4. Optokari Ltd, Espoo, Finland

    Marjatta Kari

  5. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Matti Saari

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  1. Marko Määttä
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Correspondence to Marko Määttä.

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Määttä, M., Kari, O., Tervahartiala, T. et al. Tear fluid levels of MMP-8 are elevated in ocular rosacea—treatment effect of oral doxycycline. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmo 244, 957–962 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-005-0212-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-005-0212-3

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