Regular ArticlePunctuated Equilibria or Gradual Evolution: Fluctuating Asymmetry and Variation in the Rate of Evolution
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Morphological homeostasis in the fossil record
2019, Seminars in Cell and Developmental BiologyCitation Excerpt :Genetic canalization, environmental canalization, and mechanisms of homeorhesis reduce the sensitivity of the phenotype to allelic variation, environmental variation, and stochastic developmental perturbations, respectively. In situations where phenotypic deviants are at a selective disadvantage within and/or across particular environments—i.e., when a population is subject to stabilizing selection—one or more of these processes might therefore be expected to evolve ([3,4,10,25,51,59,71–75,7,11,17,52,76–82]; although canalization or homeorhesis of a given trait under stabilizing selection can be limited by factors such as mutation-selection balance and fitness trade-offs between integrated traits, e.g., [4,22,83,84]). Conversely, in the face of changing or fluctuating environmental conditions, the capacity of a developmental system to produce phenotypic deviants might be a selective advantage.
Assessing fluctuating odontometric asymmetry among fossil hominin taxa through alternative measures of central tendency: Effect of outliers and directional components on reported results
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