Regular ArticleAn in Situ Respirometric Technique to Measure Pollution-Induced Microbial Community Tolerance in Soils Contaminated with 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene☆
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Energetic contaminants inhibit plant litter decomposition in soil
2018, Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetyCitation Excerpt :2,4-DNT and its amino derivatives frequently co-occur with the relatively stable transformation products of the reductive (bio)transformation pathway of TNT, such as 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT), and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) in soil contaminated with nitroaromatic EMs (Jenkins, 2004; Monteil-Rivera et al., 2009; Travis et al., 2008). This has precluded investigators from partitioning the effects of the parent materials and their transformation products on the soil microbial community and biologically-mediated endpoints, such as organic carbon mineralization (Fuller and Manning, 1998; Gong et al., 2000; Kuperman et al., 2017) and necessitated the present investigation of the ecotoxicological effects of selected individual EMs on biologically-mediated organic matter decomposition using environmentally realistic exposure levels. Concentrations of 117, 19, and 20 mg/kg were reported for 2,4-DNT, 2-ADNT, and 4-ADNT, respectively, in soil at Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Wilmington, IL) by Simini et al. (1995).
Ecotoxicological assessment of soil microbial community tolerance to glyphosate
2015, Science of the Total EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :Results of PICT assay indicated that tolerance to glyphosate (active ingredient or commercial formulation) is not consistent with previous history of herbicide exposure. These results are particularly interesting for ZAV and DOR considering the long history of application of the herbicide and contrast with other studies that have reported differences in tolerance using PICT approach, including chemicals like phenol, 2,4-D and 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (Demoling and Baath, 2008; Zabaloy et al., 2010; Gong et al., 2000). The unexpected absence of higher community tolerance in H sites relative to NH could be explained by the adsorption of glyphosate to soil which makes it unavailable for microbial communities (Duke et al., 2012).
Mechanisms of pollution induced community tolerance in a soil microbial community exposed to Cu
2014, Environmental PollutionToxicity assessment of compounds in soil using a simple respirometric technique
2011, International Biodeterioration and BiodegradationCitation Excerpt :The results of addition of glyphosate to the soil again confirmed the use of SOURmax for toxicity assessment, highlighting at the same time the reduced ability of OD20 to detect significant differences in oxygen consumption rate (Table 1). This lower detection ability for the toxic activities of these xenobiotic compounds by OD20, compared with SOURmax, could be due to partial adaptation and modification of the soil microbial community toward these contaminants (Gong et al. 2000; Siciliano et al. 2000; Labud et al. 2007). These data thus suggest that using the maximum rate of oxygen consumption is the best approach for the detection of microbial inhibition due to such xenobiotic compounds in soil.
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Assigned NRCC Publication No. 43308.
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